Variable shear hair clipper



Jan. 5, 1937.

E. A. CLARK VARIABLE SHEAR HAIR CLIPPER Filed 001;. 14, 1935 2Sheets-Sheet 1 IIII IIIIII-nnIIIIIn:

PIIIIIA'III I y I --J l INVENTOR.

W ATTORNEY.

Jan. 5, 1937. E. A. CLARK VARIABLE SHEAR HAIR CLIPPER Fil'ed Oct. 14,1935 2 Sheets-Sheei 2 l d L ,A .J;

Patented Jan. 5, 1937 UNITED sTATEs PATENT OFFICE VARIABLE SHEAR HAIRCLIPPER Edward A. Clark, Saline, Mich.

Application October 14, 1935, Serial No. 44,851

Claims.

The object of my invention is to produce a variable shear hair clipperadapted for cutting hair, and at varying lengths changing uniformly fromminimum to maximum lengths.

Another object is to produce a variable hair clipper that may be set forcutting hair at any desired pre-determined length.

A further object is to produce a variable hair clipper that willautomatically adjust at a uniformratefrom its minimum to maximumpositions.

A still further object is to produce a variable shear hair clipperadaptable to various types of clipper construction and still retain itsautomatic variable feature.

Another objectis to produce a variable shear hair clipper that is simplein construction, easily and efliciently operated and that canbemanufactured at a very low cost.

20 These several objects are attained in the preferred form by theconstruction and arrangement of parts more fully hereinafter set forth.

Similar parts on all drawings are marked by similar numerals or letters.7 Fig. l. is a side view of an assembled clipper showing the variablehead blades or shears, and means for locking same in any chosenposition.

' Fig. 2 is a top view of the clipper showing the relative position ofthe variable head sections and body mounting.

' Fig. 3 is a sectional view lengthwise through theassembled clipperbody taken on the line 3-3 2 showing the general arrangement of 'of theFig. thebperating parts. 5 Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken on theline 4-4 of the Fig. 1, showing the operating parts of the powervibrating unit. Fig. 5 is a bottomview of the assembled clipper Twiththe bottom wall plate removed as taken on the line 5- -5 of Fig. 1 andwith the clipper blades removed showing the position of the power unitand attached shear vibrator arm. Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view takenon the line 6-601? Fig. 1 showing the wall structure of the 4.5 innercutting blade and teeth formed thereon.

Fig. 7 is an end view taken on the line 1-1 of the Fig, 1. showing thegeneral construction of the outer comb plate and teeth formed thereon.Fig. 8 is an assembled view of the clipper shear blades taken on theline 8-8 of Fig. 2 showing .the pivot mounting and comb locking meansformed thereon.

I, Fig. 9 is a side view of an assembled clipper unit illustrating theextreme positions to which the 55 lvariable clipper shear blades may beadjusted.

My invention resides specifically in the variable clipper head, it beingadapted to any ordinary type of power vibrator clipper. I

In general, my invention comprises a pair of clipper blades, of theordinary toothed construction and assembled with their flat cuttingsurfaces together, and the blades or shears so mounted within a handlecasing that each may rotate about a different, center causing a slidingmovement of one blade over the other as the clipper head is tilted tovarious positions.

I will now describe more fully the detailed construction of my device,referring to the drawings and the marks thereon.

I have herein illustrated my invention as applied to the magnetvibrating type of hair clipper, although the type of blade vibratingmeans is not material to my invention, as this variable clipper head isadapted to any type of power clipper capable of producing the vibratingor oscillating motion for the cutting shear.

The casing I may be made of sheet metal or any other suitable rigidmaterial, and is formed in an elongated hollow handle member, preferablyrectangular in cross-section, although any other desired shape may alsobe used. The head end of the casing I is formed with a closing end walla and with extended curved side walls 17, preferably positioned at anangle with the casing axis, herein illustrated at about 45 therewith,and each projected side is provided with an end pivot bearing 0 therein,positioned directly opposite each other. The opposite casing end isclosed, and preferably provided with an insulating terminal wire collard mounted therein. The bottom side of the casing is provided with adetachable .wall plate e fixedly mounted thereon, forming a completecasing inclosure with hinge mountings at one end thereof. Between theextended casing side wall ends b is mounted a clipper comb or shearplate 2, hingedly attached to the bearings c by a hinge pin 3, andcapable of being rocked to various positions thereon. The comb plate 2is made a rectangular steel plate section with one beveled edge ,1formed with a series of cutting teeth g thereon. The teeth g are of theordinary hair clipper tooth design and arrangement. The pivot bearing his formed approximately through the center of the comb plate section andparallel to the teeth 9. The comb plate 2 is mounted within the pivotbearings c, positioned with its beveled edge at the outer side as shownin Fig. 1 of the drawings. Mounted directly above the comb plate 2 andadjacent thereto, is a cutting blade 4, also designed as a flat platesection with one beveled edge is, and formed with a mounting rib mpositioned centrally and lengthwise on the interior face thereof. Aseries of cutting teeth g are also formed along the beveled edge k, thesame as on the contacting comb plate 2. The cutting blade 4 ispositioned between the handle and the comb with its flat side in face toface engagement with the inner surface of the comb plate 2, and isslidable thereon in both transverse and longitudinal directions. Themounting rib m is formed with a special drive recess 11 lengthwisethereof, positioned parallel to the series of teeth g, and with both ribm and recess n extended to a position near the center casing wall end a,but having forming contact therewith. Within the handle casing l isfixedly mounted an electric vibrating power unit A, of any standard orspecial design, but herein illustrated as comprising an L-shaped metalbase block 5 and provided with two suitable magnet iron cores 6 mountedthereon, each core being inclosed by an electro-magnetic coil 1 in theordinary manner of electro-magnets. A U-shaped spring magnet bar 8 ismounted on the base block 5 having one end fixedly attached thereto, andpositioned with the opposite end near the comb 2 and blade 4 andadjacent the open magnet pole ends, but not forming a contact therewith.Adjacent the spring magnet bar 8 is mounted an electrical contactterminal arm 9, but completely insulated therefrom. When the magnet bar8 is in its open position as the coils 1 are de-energized, it then formsan electric contact with the terminal arm 9 as a means for closing anelectric circuit therethrough. The electro-magnetic coils I areconnected within an electric circuit, in series, by the circuit wires l0and I I and the intervening circuit switch l2, said electric circuitleading through the terminal contact arm 9, effective when the switch I2 is closed. As the coils l are energized electrically, the springmagnet bar 8 is drawn toward the pole ends 6, breaking the electriccircuit between the magnet bar 8 and terminal contact arm 9, resultingin de-energizing the coils 1 again until the spring arm 8 returns to theterminal arm end 9 and repeats the operation, resulting in a continuousvibration of the magnet bar 8 between the poles 6 and terminal arm 9.Through the center of the casing end Wall a is formed a lateral slidebearing p, positioned parallel with and directly opposite the recess nof the cutting blade 4. Fixedly mounted on the free end of the springmagnet bar 8 is a blade vibrating bar l5 preferably of sheet springmaterial, and which vibrates therewith. The vibrating bar I5 is extendedand curved to pass through the casing end slide bearing p and to engagethe recess 71 of the shear cutter 4, and is designed to exert a slightspring pressure thereon. The slide bearing p is made slightly longerthan the width of the inclosed vibrating bar l5, to allow for lateralvibration movement thereof, said vibrating bar being capable ofoscillating the connected cutting blade 4 back and forth over thecontacting comb plate 2 as the connected power unit A is vibrated underelectrical reactions. The spring pressure of the vibrating bar i5 tendsto retain the assembled shear blades in a normal position approximatelyat right angles thereto when unrestrained, and as illustrated in Figs. 1and 2, the cutting blade edge being receded on the supporting comb plate2. Should the comb plate be rotated upward about the supporting pivotpin 3, to a position as indicated by the dotted lines 2'. as shown inFig. 9,

Laocaovt the cutting blade 4 as fulcrumed about the end of the engagedvibrating bar l5, will slide forward to a position with the points ofthe teeth g on both blades coinciding. Any intermediate position willreadjust the teeth of the cutting shear 5 proportionally.

When the comb plate 2 and the cutting blade 4 are in their normalposition as shown in Figs. 1 and 9, the assembled clipper head bladeswill cut hair longer than when the blades are tilted upill) ward to thedotted position where the cutting points meet, this being due to theincreased thickness of the advancing bevel on the comb plate as thecutting blade 4 recedes thereon. The length of the uncut hair is thethickness of the blade 15 bevel under the cutter points. The relativeposition of the cutting shear points may be uniformly varied from itsminimum to maximum po sition of the cutting shear points may beunioperator, by the radial movement of the handle casingl effected bythe natural swinging of the wrist movement when first properly tilted,and which will allow the cutting blade teeth to gradually recede back onthe comb plate, and gradually vary the length of the hair to a longerlength 25 at each upward cutting stroke by the operator.

The comb plateZ is formed with toothed formations s along one endthereof, as shown in the Fig. 8, designed for engaging the toothed endof a spring pawl l3 pivotally mounted on the casing side, and providesmeans for setting and retaining the cutting blade 4 in any desiredpre-determined position angularly with respect to the handle, should itbe desired to cut the hair at some uniform length throughout. The pawll3 may be released by any desired convenient means. The type or kind ofengaging pawl is not material to my invention.

Having fully described my variable shear hair clipper, what I claim asmy invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A clipper of the'class described comprising a casing forming handleand head portions and having spaced side walls, acomb plate having atoothed edge, means pivotally connecting said '45 plate to said sidewalls adjacent the head about an axis passing through said plate andparallel with said toothed edge, a cutting blade having face to faceengagement with said plate, said blade being positioned between thehandle and said plate and pivoted about an axis parallel to and spacedfrom said first mentioned axis, and means for oscillating said bladelongitudinally of said plate.

2. A clipper of the class described comprising a casing forming handleand head portions and havingspaced side walls, a comb plate having atoothed edge, means pivotally connecting said plate to said side wallsabout an axis passing through said plate and parallel with said toothededge, a cutting blade having face to face engagement with said plate,said blade being positioned between the handle and said plate and havinga longitudinal recess parallel with and spaced from said axis on itsinterior face, means engageable' with said recess to form a fulcrum forsaid blade, and means for oscillating said blade longitudinally of saidplate.

3. A clipper of the class described comprising a casing forming handleand head portions and having spaced side walls, a comb plate having atoothed edge, means pivotally connecting said plate to said side wallsabout an axis passing through said plate and parallel with said toothededge, a cutting blade positioned between the handie and said plate andhaving face to face engagement with said plate, said blade having alongitudinal recess parallel with and spaced from said axis on itsinterior face, a vibrator arm engageable with said recess whereby saidblade is fulcrumed about said arm, and means for oscillating the arm andblade longitudinally of said plate.

4. Aclipper of the class described comprising a casing forming handleand head portions and having spaced side walls, a comb plate having atoothed edge, means pivotally connecting said plate to said side wallsabout an axis passing through said plate and parallel with said toothededge, acutting blade positioned between the handle and said plate andhaving face to face engagement with said plate, said blade having alongitudinal recess parallel with and spaced from said axis on itsinterior face, resilient means engageable with said recess to maintainsaid blade in engaging relation with said plate, said blade beingrockable about an axis coincident with said recess, and means foroscillating said blade longitudinally of said axes.

5. A clipper of the class described comprising a casing forming handleand head portions and having spaced side walls, a comb plate having atoothed edge, means pivotally connecting said plate to said side wallsabout an axis passing through said plate and parallel with said toothededge, a cutting blade positioned between the handle and said plate andhaving face to face engagement with said plate, said blade being pivotedabout an axis parallel to and spaced from said first mentioned axis,means for holding said plate in any one of a plurality of positionsangularly with respect to the handle, and means for oscillating saidblade longitudinally of said plate.

EDWARD A. CLARK.

